Milk and antibiotics amoxicillin

To attack the mutated nucleotides among the 3000 cells in BRCA1 gene, I could use male hormone, testosterone, and bind multiple radiolabeled aziridine and carbamate ions to attack BRCA1 mutations.

By using three-dimensional MRI, I could show how many radiolabeled nucleotides were bound to which mutations. Out of 17 positions available for substitutions on testosterone ring system, there are only three positions, that is, 1, 3, and 17 available for substitution on testosterone ring system. Carl Djerassi [27] had demonstrated that we could activate positions 9 and 10 by reacting with bromoacetamide which introduces a bromo ion on position 10 which could be de-brominated by collidine to introduce a 9,10 double bond which we could further brominate to produce 9,10 dibromo compound. This bromo ion could be replaced by additional aziridine or carbamate ions.

I could increase or decrease the number of aziridine and carbamate ions to get the maximum benefit by further brominating positions 15 and 16 to introduce additional aziridine and carbamate moieties. Similarly, I could use the female hormone estrogen and by attaching multiple aziridine and carbamate ions to attack prostate tumor. Since there are 17

positions

well

class

We would not only produce new treatment but also we would have new food, new fuel, and new medicine to treat every disease known to mankind to protect, preserve, and prolong human life beyond 100 years.

This section discusses the impact of prolonging human life beyond 100 years.

Our attempt to prolong human life by shutting off the genes of the old age diseases raises several ethical and moral questions.

We face the same population problem when we succeed in shutting off genes of all three old age diseases, that is, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and Alzheimer. What happens after we achieve that goal of reaching 100 years?

By exercises and good nutrition, if the body mass is not retained, the centenarians are most likely to be fragile and weak.

They need the help of caretakers to perform the daily routine. By 2050, if we increase the age of about 100 years of about a billion people, we need another billion caretakers.

The society is hardly likely to accept such a proposal.

To cure diseases to prolong human life, several present and future attempts are described below. We need to make two rationale approaches: first, to identify rare allele in the genome of centenarians responsible for prolonging their lives.

Once identified the

allele

Second approach is to design drugs to shut off genes of old age to prolong life.

Next attempt to increase human life would be to prevent the loss of telomeres, the six-letter code (TTAGGG) that shorten our DNA and shorten our lifespan.

During replication, each chromosome loses about 30 telomeres each year. If we prevent the loss of telomeres by using the enzyme telomerase reverse transcriptase (TRT), we could slow down the aging process.

elegance that we could increase its lifespan several fold.

Now, we could translate this work in human being; we could try by making a less virulent flu virus carrying TRT gene when injected to a volunteer who comes down with a mild flu.

When he recovers from the flu, the TRT gene would have inserted in the entire genome of every cell in his body (we can confirm the insertion by sequencing). Suppose at each replication, only 15 telomeres are deleted instead of 30 telomeres. Also, suppose the sequencing of his genome would confirm that every cell of

his

Since the longevity treatment with the flu virus is safe, inexpensive, and would be easily

available

Such studies are likely to raise two serious ethical questions.

First, we have to ask ourselves, do people have a right to live and second do we have a right to live as long as we wish, no matter how old, how weak, or how sick we are? The answer to first question is, according to

the

they

According to UN estimate, by 2050, the population of the world is likely to reach 9 billion.

Does our planet Earth have all resources to support such a population explosion? Can we provide food, fuel, and medicine to all the people of the world?

By extending life, we will have serious problems such as lawlessness, riots, and chaos in the streets.

The current population of Earth has polluted the water, the air, and the land. Today, they wonder if the water they drink is safe, the food they eat is safe, and the air they breathe is safe. If we

continue

On the other hand, those who say Yes; we should extend life have good reasons as well.

We have no Plan B to save human life on some other planet.

We look up to Heaven to find another home for humanity.

To search for a suitable planet for human life to survive, we need to train an army of astronauts to travel into deep space with extended life span.

They may have to travel for centuries to find a habitable planet for humans.

We do not want them to die on their way to find a new home for humanity. We must continue to search for treatment to prolong human life. What if we succeed tomorrow in developing treatment of all three old age diseases to double or triple our lifespan?

If we do not succeed tomorrow may be day after tomorrow. Say the treatment is safe, inexpensive, and easily available to every man, woman, and child on the face of the Earth. Who decide that person A will receive the longevity treatment and will live and person B will not receive the same treatment and therefore will die?

We need debate and discussion and come up with guidelines for our society. One person cannot provide

answer

My aim will be fulfilled if I have made you think along these lines. Amoxicillin overused amoxicillin 500mg buy online for treatment of common infections, research shows.

GPs may be overusing amoxicillin for some

ear

A study looking at types of antibiotics used in UK general practice found that inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions were most common in otitis externa and upper respiratory tract infections. Data from more than a million consultations price of amoxicillin at cvs between 2010 and 2015 showed that amoxicillin accounted for 62.3% of prescriptions for otitis externa and 34.5% of prescriptions for URTI, despite not being recommended for these conditions.

However, inappropriate choice of antibiotic was low for sinusitis (2.2%), otitis media (3.4%), chest infections (1.5%) and urinary tract infection (2.3%), the study in the Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy reported. The researchers said that more work was needed to look into the variation they found between practices. But they concluded: ‘Future antibiotic stewardship activities may focus on encouraging prescribers in primary care to reduce their use of amoxicillin in favour of appropriate narrow-spectrum antibiotics.’ Study leader, Dr Victoria Palin from amoxicillin have penicillin in it the University of Manchester added that with greater availability of prescribing toolkits and focus on reducing antibiotics, prescribing may have improved in recent years but that it needed to be reviewed regularly. She said: ‘A possible explanation may be related to diagnostic uncertainty. 'As diagnostic uncertainty is not uncommon when URTI is recorded as well as possibility of otitis media and otitis externa occurring together, this may partially explain the high prevalence of amoxicillin prescriptions for these conditions.’ Professor Azeem Majeed said there had been a decline in antibiotic prescribing in recent years so more up to date figures would be likely to show a lower use of the medicines overall.

But he added: ‘Amoxicillin is not generally indicated for URTIs, so I was surprised at the high level of use for this condition. ‘Also, I was surprised that for otitis externa, there seemed to be no recorded use of topical treatments.’ He said some decision support

was

On improved antibiotic stewardship, Professor Majeed said system-wide approaches were important.

‘This would include for example, feedback of data on prescribing by CCGs to practices for specific infections and comparisons with other practices.’ Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2020 Jan-.

Amoxicillin is one of the most commonly used antibiotics in the primary care setting. It is an amino-penicillin, created by adding an extra amino group to penicillin, to battle antibiotic resistance. Amoxicillin covers a wide variety of gram-positive bacteria, with some added gram-negative coverage compared to penicillin.

Similar to penicillin, it covers most Streptococcus species and has improved coverage of Listeria monocytogenes and Enterococcus .

It also has coverage over Haemophilus influenzae , some Escherichia coli , Actinomyces , Clostridial species, Salmonella , Shigella , and Corynebacteria . Amoxicillin is FDA approved for the treatment of genitourinary tract infections, ear, nose, and throat infections, lower respiratory tract infections, Helicobacter pylori infections, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, and skin and skin structure infections. It is recommended as the first-line treatment by the Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA), for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis and as one of the treatments for community-acquired pneumonia.[1] For this, it is often in combination with a macrolide antibiotic.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends its use for post-exposure prophylaxis for anthrax inhalation.[2] It also has other off-label uses, such as erysipeloid, Lyme disease (if doxycycline contraindications exist), and infectious endocarditis prophylaxis, as well as prophylaxis in patients with prosthetic joints undergoing dental procedures.

It can be effective in periodontitis in combination with metronidazole and is one of the first-line treatments for group A streptococcus pharyngitis. Amoxicillin is in the class of beta-lactam antibiotics. Beta-lactams act by binding to penicillin-binding proteins that inhibit a process called transpeptidation, leading to activation of autolytic enzymes in the bacterial cell wall. This process leads to lysis of the cell wall, and thus, the destruction of the bacterial cell. This type of activity is referred to as bactericidal killing. Amoxicillin administration can also be in combination with a beta-lactamase inhibitor. Some examples of these are clavulanic acid and sulbactam. These beta-lactamase inhibitors work by binding irreversibly to the catalytic site of an organism’s penicillinase enzyme, which causes resistance to the original beta-lactam ring.

These drugs do not have inherent bactericidal activity; however, when coupled with amoxicillin, they may broaden spectrum amoxicillin to organisms that produce the penicillinase enzyme.[3] Administration. Bactericidal antibiotics, such as amoxicillin, often are most effective in a “time-dependent” manner, rather than a “concentration-dependent” manner.

Time-dependent refers to the time that serum concentrations exceed the minimum-inhibitor-concentration for the microorganism.

Therefore, they are often dosed more frequently, rather than the concentration-dependent drugs, which can be dosed, for example, daily. The more “around-the-clock” dosing provides less variation in peak and trough serum levels.

Amoxicillin is an oral antibiotic; whereas, ampicillin can be given orally, intravenously, or intramuscularly.

Amoxicillin comes in immediate-release or extended-release tablets.

If

given

Administration should take place immediately after mixing.

Extended-release tablets should not be crushed, and the administration should be within 1 hour after finishing a meal. Amoxicillin is sometimes preferred over penicillin in children because of its taste.

It is important to note that it is excreted by in the majority of people by the kidney, and some renal adjustment and extra caution may be necessary for renal insufficiency. It is reported to be partially dialyzable, and therefore, immediate-release tablets can be an option for dosing after hemodialysis. There are no guidelines for hepatic dosing or geriatric dosing. It was a pregnancy category B drug under the old FDA classification system, which means there have been no studies demonstrating clear risk. It has also been reported to get excreted in breast milk.

Amoxicillin is well-tolerated, but some common complaints can be gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Superinfections, as with fungi or Clostridium difficile colitis, are also important complications.

Crystalluria, nephritis, and hemolytic anemia can happen with prolonged administration.

Of note, patients who take amoxicillin may have less diarrhea than those who take ampicillin, which may lead to better absorption in the gut. Another significant complication to be aware of is hypersensitivity reactions. Amoxicillin can lead to type-I, II, III, or IV reactions.

It is important to differentiate between a type-I and type-IV hypersensitivity reaction because one may be more dangerous than the other. A type-I reaction is an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to a sensitized patient that triggers widespread histamine release leading to an urticarial like pruritic rash or even more severe systemic symptoms, such as anaphylaxis.